What Is The Vibration Testing For The Electric Tailgate System

As a key technical means for reliability verification of the electric tailgate strut system of automobiles, vibration testing has important engineering value for ensuring the safety performance, structural integrity and functional stability of the system. Based on literature analysis and engineering practice, this paper systematically explains the technical function positioning and core parameter system of vibration testing in the electric tailgate strut system.

Based on multi-axis vibration excitation simulation, the mechanical stress characteristics caused by road excitation and tailgate dynamic load in vehicle driving conditions can be effectively reproduced. The combination of random vibration spectrum (5-1000Hz) and sine sweep frequency can accurately identify the fatigue fracture risk of key parts such as strut metal joints and planetary gears. Finite element analysis shows that by optimizing the joint geometry, the stress concentration factor can be reduced by 17.9%, significantly improving the structural durability.

The vibration response analysis based on the modal superposition method shows that the strut system is prone to resonant coupling with the body structure in the 17-60Hz frequency band. The natural frequency of the system is obtained through experimental modal analysis (EMA), and the efficiency of vibration energy transmission can be reduced by combining with the optimization of the transmission path. The measured data of a certain vehicle model shows that after adjusting the inching stiffness of the support rod installation, the sound pressure level of the tailgate abnormal sound is reduced by 12dB(A).

For the built-in motor control system of the support rod, a three-axis random vibration test (5-500Hz, 0.5g RMS) is carried out according to the ISO 16750-3 standard. The test results show that the distortion rate of the Hall sensor signal should be controlled within ±0.5° under continuous vibration environment to ensure that the position detection accuracy meets the requirements of the anti-pinch function.

According to the requirements of GB/T 413-2018, 3×10⁴ temperature cycles (-30℃ to 80℃) and vibration composite tests must be completed. After the durability test, the thrust attenuation of the support rod must be less than 10% of the initial value, and the wear of the planetary gear must meet the level 5 accuracy requirements specified in ISO 6336-2:2006.

Broadband random vibration: Power spectral density (PSD) settings must comply with ISO 16750-3 Annex B requirements, frequency resolution ≤1Hz

Narrowband sine sweep: The sweep rate is recommended to be 1oct/min, focusing on the 17-200Hz structural sensitive frequency band

2. Dynamic response threshold

Axial displacement limit: Z-axis amplitude ≤0.35mm (corresponding to road excitation level C)

Shock response spectrum (SRS): No plastic deformation at 50m/s² (11ms duration)

3. Spatial load simulation parameters

The six-degree-of-freedom vibration table must achieve X/Y/Z axial phase synchronization control, and the acceleration tolerance of each axis is ±15%

The angle deviation of the support rod installation should be controlled within ±0.5°, equivalent to the actual vehicle assembly tolerance

4. Durability degradation index

Thrust attenuation rate: ΔF=(F_initial-F_final)/F_initial×100%＜10%

Transmission efficiency change: η= (T_out/T_in)_vibrated/(T_out/T_in)_initial＞0.92

5. Acoustic quality parameters

A-weighted sound pressure level: Steady-state working noise upper limit 55dB(A)

Impact noise peak: ≤72dB(C) (according to SAE J1477 measurement specification)

6. Environmental adaptability parameters

Temperature cycle rate: It is recommended to use a 2℃/min gradient to avoid thermal shock effect

Protection performance verification: IP67 grade sealing test is carried out according to IEC 60529, and the immersion depth is 1m for 30min

The systematic vibration test solution can effectively improve the MTBF (mean time between failures) of the electric tailgate support rod to 1.5×10⁵ cycles, while reducing the after-sales failure rate to below 0.12%, which can provide technical support for the reliability design of the intelligent electric tailgate system.